When you eat, the food stimulates your gut to release the GLP-1 hormone. GLP-1 helps lower blood glucose (blood sugar) by triggering insulin release. Insulin helps blood glucose enter your body’s cells for later energy use.
In some people, the gut doesn't make enough natural GLP-1, or the brain isn't sensitive to it.
Tirzepatide is a synthetic GLP-1 RA (receptor agonist). A drug that works as an agonist activates the same cell receptors as the body’s natural hormones. Semaglutide works in the gut like the body’s natural GLP-1, slowing digestion, curbing hunger, and signaling fullness to the brain.